Session:

Vaccines & Vaccine Development

Abstract No.:

48.006

Title:

The effect of oral immunization of kwashiorkor rat model with 38-kDa Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein to induce the secretion of intestinal and bronchial secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA)

Author(s):

N. K. Firani¹, T. A. Wihastuti²; ¹University of Brawijaya, Biomolecular-Biochemistry Department, Malang, INA/ID, ²University of Brawijaya, Nursing, Malang, INA/ID

Abstract:

Background: The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) is high on malnutrition people. The new effective TB vaccines will be an essential strategy to eliminate tuberculosis. The 38-kDa Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein is one of the most potent immunogen. The previous research showed that oral vaccination with 38-kDa Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein increased secretion of sIgA in normal rat intestinal and bronchial, however it has not been proven yet in the rat model of kwashiorkor. This study aimed to determine whether oral immunization with 38-kDa Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein could induce the sIgA secretion in intestinal and bronchial mucosa of kwashiorkor rat model.
Methods: Rattus norvegicus rats were divided into 4 groups, there were control group (normal rats), kwashiorkor rat models with low-protein diet 0%, 2% and 4%. All groups were given 38-kDa Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein with adjuvant orally, following with 2 booster every week. After 1 week of the second booster, rats were killed and intestinal and bronchial mucosa were taken for sIgA secretion and  measured by sandwich ELISA.
Results: Mean (SD) intestinal sIgA are 261,01 (8,64); 233,38 (11,78); 245,60 (7,02) and 246,31 (10,86) ng/mL for the normal group, low-protein diet 0 %, 2% and 4% respectively. Mean (SD) bronchial sIgA are 78,13 (28,8), 19,06 (3,6); 24,96 (8,15) and 29,44 (5,9) ng/mL for the normal group, low-protein diet 0 %, 2% and 4% respectively. Statistical test showed there is no significant difference of intestinal sIgA level among normal group and low protein diet groups (p>0,05). Otherwise, in bronchial, there is a significant difference among normal and low protein diet groups (p<0,05), which bronchial sIgA in groups of low-protein diet are lower than normal group.
Conclusion: Immunizationwith38-kDa Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein orally can induce sIgA secretion from intestinal kwashiorkor rat model as much as normal rat, but not in the bronchial. It reveals that 38-kDa M. tuberculosis protein can act as immunogenic factor in inducing  intestinal humoral immunity of kwashiorkor rat model.